How Culture Influences Sexual Wellness in Indian Society.

Sexuality is a fundamental part of being human. But how we experience it, express it, and understand it is deeply influenced by the world around us. In India, a country steeped in rich cultural traditions and diverse beliefs, this journey of self-discovery takes on a unique and often complex form.

Historical Perspectives

Ancient Indian texts, such as the Kama Sutra, while often misinterpreted, offer valuable insights into historical Indian perspectives on love, pleasure, and intimacy. These texts emphasize the importance of both physical and emotional satisfaction within a relationship. The Kama Sutra, in particular, delves into various aspects of human sexuality, including techniques, positions, and the importance of communication and mutual pleasure. It highlights the concept of Ananga, the god of love, and emphasizes the role of sensuality and emotional connection in a fulfilling relationship. [1]

However, historical influences like the rise of puritanical movements, such as the Bhakti movement with its emphasis on devotion and renunciation of worldly desires, and the spread of Sufism with its focus on spiritual ecstasy and the suppression of carnal desires, led to a gradual suppression of open discussions around sexuality. This shift in focus, particularly during the medieval period, resulted in a culture of silence and shame surrounding sexual matters.

Cultural Attitudes Today

Despite evolving social norms, conservative attitudes towards sexuality still prevail in many parts of India. Topics like premarital sex, LGBTQ+ rights, the use of sex toys, and open discussions about sexual pleasure remain taboo in many communities. The stigma surrounding sexual health has several consequences:

• Lack of Education: A study conducted by the All India Educational and Vocational Guidance Institute revealed a significant knowledge gap among young students in India, with 42% to 52% reporting inadequate understanding of sexual health. This alarming statistic underscores the critical need for comprehensive sex education in schools and colleges. The current lack of accessible and accurate information leaves young people vulnerable to misinformation and misconceptions, hindering their ability to make informed decisions about their sexual health and well-being.[2]
• Delayed Healthcare: A significant barrier to women seeking treatment for sexual health concerns in India is the fear of social stigma. Embarrassment and fear of judgment often prevent women from seeking timely medical attention for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and other sexual health issues. This delay in treatment can have serious consequences, potentially leading to complications and long-term health problems. Research conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) further emphasizes this point, highlighting that many women experience fear of judgment, self-blame, and anxiety about disclosure to partners, significantly impacting their willingness to seek necessary medical care. [3]
• Unsafe Sexual Practices: Increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies due to lack of knowledge and access to contraception. The fear of social stigma can prevent individuals from using contraception or seeking information about safe sex practices. [4]

A Shifting Landscape

The emergence of social media platforms and online communities has fostered open conversations about sexuality and sexual health. Increased awareness campaigns by NGOs and government initiatives are helping to break down taboos and promote safer sexual practices. Additionally, Bollywood and other forms of media, while often stereotypical, are gradually depicting sexuality in a more nuanced and realistic manner. However, these positive changes are often met with resistance from conservative segments of society.

Our Perspective

Recognizing the unique cultural influences that shape our understanding of sex in India, we aim to challenge societal taboos, address the lack of comprehensive sex education available to many young people, and empower individuals to navigate the evolving landscape of sexual expression.

At Lali, we believe that open and honest conversations about sexuality are not just important, they are fundamental to promoting sexual wellness. We strive to create a safe and inclusive space where individuals can explore their sexuality without shame or judgment. This is reflected in everything we do: through our thoughtfully curated products, our insightful blog posts in Love Notes, and our overarching vision – to empower individuals on their journey of sexual self-discovery.

We understand that challenging deeply ingrained cultural attitudes takes time and effort. But at Lali, we believe it's possible to create a society where individuals can explore their sexuality with confidence, joy, and respect. By fostering open dialogue, promoting education, and challenging societal taboos, we can work together to break down barriers and build a more inclusive and accepting world for all.